Field Internship Student Data Acquisition Project. (FISDAP) Airway Practice Exam

Which of the following is a characteristic of inadequate breathing in adults?

1. Measured respiratory rate between 12-20 breaths per minute

2. Normal skin color and temperature

3. Use of accessory muscles for breathing

4. Consistent rhythm in breathing pattern

The correct answer is: Use of accessory muscles for breathing

Inadequate breathing in adults can often be identified by specific physical characteristics, one of which is the use of accessory muscles for breathing. When a patient is experiencing inadequate breathing, their body may engage additional muscles in the neck, shoulders, and abdomen to help facilitate respiration, indicating respiratory distress. This compensatory mechanism indicates that the primary muscles responsible for breathing (the diaphragm and intercostal muscles) are not functioning effectively enough to meet the body's demands for oxygen. Characteristics such as a measured respiratory rate between 12-20 breaths per minute, normal skin color and temperature, and a consistent rhythm in breathing pattern are indicators of adequate breathing. Therefore, they do not signify respiratory compromise. When assessing a patient's breathing, the use of accessory muscles serves as a clear sign that the effort required to breathe is exceeding what is typically necessary, thus classifying the breathing as inadequate.