Field Internship Student Data Acquisition Project. (FISDAP) Airway Practice Exam

What is the function of the pons in respiration?

1. Increases breathing speed

2. Modulates depth of breath

3. Stimulates diaphragm contraction

4. Controls base respiratory rate

The correct answer is: Modulates depth of breath

The pons plays a critical role in the regulation of breathing, primarily by modulating the depth of breath. It acts as a bridge between the higher centers of the brain, like the cerebral cortex, and the medulla oblongata, which controls the basic rhythm of breathing. Specifically, the pons contains groups of neurons known as the pneumotaxic center that helps fine-tune the breathing pattern, allowing for adjustments in the depth and duration of inhalation and exhalation. This modulation is essential for various physiological conditions, such as during exercise or rest, where different breathing patterns are required. The other functions listed tend to be specific to other areas of the brain or are overly simplified. Increasing breathing speed is more accurately attributed to the simulation and interaction between the medulla and other areas under stress or exertion. Stimulating diaphragm contraction is primarily the role of the phrenic nerve, which originates in the cervical spinal cord, while the basic respiratory rate is often regulated by the medullary respiratory centers. Therefore, the pons' distinct role in modulating how deeply we breathe highlights its importance in respiratory physiology.